Overview of Aquaculture Diseases

Fish and shrimp are commonly affected by bacterial and viral diseases caused by pathogens such as Aeromonas, Vibrio, and Streptococcus. Key clinical signs in fishes include hemorrhagic septicemia, abdominal distension, and red mouth disease, while shrimp may show loss of appetite, discoloration, and necrosis of organs.

Probiotic Treatment

Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that help maintain intestinal balance and combat pathogens. TEX PRO Liquid, containing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Enterococcus faecium, produces antimicrobial peptides that inhibit harmful bacteria and viruses.

Mechanism of Action

These probiotics work by producing bactericidal substances, competing for nutrients, and modulating the immune system. They enhance growth and immunity in fish and shrimp and protect against infections.

Key Ingredients and Effects

Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis produce a wide range of antimicrobial peptides that effectively inhibit or kill pathogenic microbes by disrupting bacterial cell walls. B. subtilis synthesizes various ribosomally produced subtilins and non-ribosomal peptides, including iturin and surfactin, while B. licheniformis produces lantibiotics and lichenicidin. Both species enhance immunity, compete for nutrients, and suppress pathogen virulence, targeting bacteria like Aeromonas, Vibrio, and Streptococcus.

Enterococcus faecium exhibits inhibitory effects against diverse aquatic pathogens by producing enterocins, which target Yersinia, Vibrio, and Streptococcus. It effectively controls vibriosis in shrimp and fish, improving growth and enhancing immune responses, thus increasing survival rates in infected populations.

Antagonist assay of TEX PRO liquid against aquatic pathogens: The current invitro studies shows the potential benefits of B.subtilis, B. licheniformis and E. faecium as probiotic feed additive for fish and shrimp, stimulates growth and the development of a healthy gut microflora and also inhibits pathogenic bacteria or viruses that causes infectious diseases.

In summary, TEX PRO Liquid probiotics offers an effective strategy for preventing diseases in aquaculture through their antagonistic action on pathogens.